“Magdalena and Balthasar” by Steven Ozment’s Essay

In the story Magdalena and Balthasar by Steven Ozment’s, one is able to reconstruct the lifestyle of a sixteenth-century merchant family that lived in Europe. The life styles specifically shown in Magdalena and Balthasar’s relationship was anything but an average lifestyle. Although the couple dealt with many problems such as the separation due to business, they were able to keep their marriage stable through letters. In these letters one is able to uncover their beliefs about their family life, marriage, parenting, and the affects religion had on them. Although this specific couple had a unique relationship, one could come to some understanding of how a medieval persons’ life was lived. When analyzing pieces from these letters, one could conclude that marriage had to be filled with love, admiration, and cooperation to be successful. Given the role in 16th century society, the husband was the dominant figure and the wife was left with the household duties and children. However, some relationships were ahead of their times and was based solely on reciprocated compassion. If this bond could be achieved it brought a sense of equality in the understanding and responsibility of a marriage. The growing love in a marriage relationship was hard to accomplish. Whether the marriage was based on the similar backgrounds, or mutual feelings about equality, a successful marriage had to be worked on. Many merchants at this time were extremely involved with their work. This meant that when work called they had to reply. If the job took the husband out of town the best way to maintain their relationship was through letters. Although it was hard to keep in touch there were many ways that they could communicate their love. Another aspect that was seen in the medieval time period was the way in which the people expressed their love. In the relationship between Magdalena and Balthazar, Magdalena uses special valued objects in her letters in order to express her love. An example is when â€Å"she folds flowers from their garden into her letters to him†(Ozment 28). Likewise, Balthasar expressed his love for Magdalena through his unique writing style. In his letters he was able to express his love through simple words such as â€Å"honest, good, true,  friendly, dearest, closest bride†(Ozment 28). It can be observed that the common attribute of expressing love in their relationship was not only limited to their relationship specifically, rather it applies to most sixteenth-century relationships. Although Love was a major attribute in relationships trust was another strong hold point of the everyday family lifestyle of this time. There had to be a strong supporting trust from each side of the relationship in order for the family to prevail. For instance, when the couple was separated the husband would have to have a deep sincere trust for the wife to maintain his business at home. The wife would have chores such as, tending to the children, keeping the household running, and other business related tasks. Although it was common for the women to do so anyways, the husband had to rely and trust his wife to take care of these dealing without second thought. Although the husband had to give up allot of responsibility when he was away for work, normally he would not give up the whole authoritative power. For example in a disagreement usually their would be some sort of compromise, but in the end the wife would give in to the big decisions allowing the husband to have authority. The equilibrium between trust and negotiation that was seen in sixteen-century relationships shows how a sense of stability that was formed in their family lifestyles. Parenting in this time period was dealt with by different methods, which were determined by the different marital roles. The primary differences come from their choice of style that was inherited from their forefathers. The wife is usually the consoling and sympathetic parent, while the father was usually the stern and punitive parent. The father had to deal with his parenting from a different town at times, which led to less interactive correction strategies. When a demand from the father was made to the child, the child would usually meet the request without question. Although the wife respects the husband’s requests she usually sympathized for her son, showing an amount of protection, by lessening the demands. The most similar parenting style between the two is their love for their son. Although the teaching methods were different from parent to parent, the child usually received a decent education, housing, adequate food, to fulfill his needs. The love and support from both the mother and the father is astonishing and overall should result in a prudent child. Religion is a very important aspect of sixteenth-century life among medieval individuals. A common belief was that God was involved in their family life and was in absolute control. â€Å"They think of God as an absolutely omnipotent being, who controls human destiny on earth and into eternity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Ozment 144). If there were unfortunate dealing such as sickness or substantial loss in a business deal, it was believed to be â€Å"an obvious punishment of God†(Ozment 144). Religion was also tied into the lives of medieval people by the incorporation of it into their marriages. The medieval people relied on the God given supremacy of the husband’s role for leadership in the family’s prosperity. Parenting techniques also resulted from their Christianity belief. The disciplinary actions of each role in the family originated from the history of Christianity. Even though these teachings seemed strict they closely adhered to them in order to adhere to their beliefs. The particular dealings with Magdalena and Balthazar gave and exclusive illustration of the life of a sixteenth-century family. It also exposed the hardships of the medieval time period. Magdalena and Balthazar gave a significant portrait into how a person in the sixteenth century dealt with the everyday attributes of marriage, parenting, family life, and the affects religion had upon them.

The positive social effects and negative social and physical effects of alcohol

This essay will review both the positive social effects and negative social and physical effects of alcohol. The debate over alcohol consumption in communities around the world has existed as long as there has been alcohol to drink. Alcohol has improved social functions; community economics through tourism and business and in moderation can enhance many situations in society. Alcohol has been one of the main problems of today’s generation. By contrast if over indulged and abused the same product can also harm societies, families, communities and do physical harm.Do people have drinking problems? Does a person love drinking? How does it make a person feel; good, bad, hyperactive, happy or sad? Are people addicted to drinking? Do people think that drinking is good or bad and what are the benefits of it? Alcohol has played an important role in our lives. Many people and especially teenagers drink a lot. They go to parties with their friends just to drink. They do not know what ar e its benefits and causes they are just going to drink and that drinking makes them feel good and look unique in front of their friends.They drink alcohol as if they are smoking cigarettes. In this essay I shall explain what the positives and negatives points are and also explain how alcohol is affecting our lives and the society. â€Å"Alcohol has played an important role in religion and adulation. Alcohol is a product that has provided a variety of functions for people. Historically, alcoholic beverages have served as sources of needed nutrients and have been widely used for their medicinal, antiseptic, and analgesic properties.The role of such beverages as thirst quenchers is obvious and they play an important role in enhancing the enjoyment and quality of life (David J. n. d. )†. Alcohol can facilitate relaxation, provide pleasure, enjoyment and increase the pleasure of eating and drinking. Alcohol has proven to be beneficial in several society settings. While drinking al cohol many people find it bringing enjoyment especially when drinking and dancing. Alcohol brings enjoyment, relaxing moments, hyperactive, and drinkers sometimes feel a little less than in control while drinking.By comparison some of the negative effects caused by alcohol is a person inability to control the amount a person drinking after starting, a person may have little if no control over the quantity a person drink, no matter how much a person try to limit a themselves from drinking it won’t happen. When a person tries to stop drinking some symptoms may occur to that person’s body after repeated exposure, these may include: racing heart, sweating, lack of proper sleep, inability to drive, anxiety, nausea and more dangerous problems.A person can put a person themselves in dangerous situation when a person drinks a lot this situation such as drinking and driving. Some people develop a lack of social ethics while drinking that their friends find it hard to tolerant. A person may can blackout and have a very bad hangover when a person drink a lot. Hangovers can cause a person to stop working, not concentrate on what a person have and should do. Drinking early or alone can also cause problems because there won’t be anyone to help that person should they falls ill. These are some other negative effects that drinking can lead to (About. om 2013). Underage boys and girls nowadays go out drinking with their friends but most of these children don’t know what problems can cause them later on if they get caught. In some countries in their laws drinking is not acceptable unless a person 21+, because at that age a person are mature enough to understand the causes of drinking and what problems it can lead a person to. For example in the United Arab Emirates, drinking is only acceptable to those who are 21+ and if a person get caught drinking a person get to go to jail and have problems with the law.Many children are arrested each year in the UAE on drinking infractions, 15 years old boys caught drinking in public parks and beaches along the Cornish, caught try to get into bars and drink and their lack of social considerations prevail and they are caught because think that drinking is good for their age and that they want to live their lives as adults. Children with this age do not understand the lasting effects alcohol can cause. The body of a 15 year old teenager cannot tolerate alcohol because it’s very strong and it can cause the stomach problems, blackout, hangovers and many other future mental and physical problems.In other countries it not against the law such as Egypt, Tunisia, Morocco and many others it’s not against the law even if a teenager goes in to a bar to drink its fine they won’t have any problems because it is not against the laws. Some countries it’s against the laws and religion. â€Å"In many Muslim countries, including Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan, a recent study by The Economist shows that alcohol might be an increasingly strong foe. Alcohol sales in the Middle East grew 72 percent between 2001 and 2011, despite the beverage being forbidden in Islam.While some Muslim scholars permit alcohol provided it is not made from grapes or dates, as those are specifically mentioned in the Quran, most do not. Many Muslims countries permit alcohol intake by tourists and non-Muslims, some countries make it legal for everyone and others enforce severe punishments; in Iran, for example, the sentence for Muslims caught imbibing is 80 lashes (Nuqudy 2012)†. These countries such as Iran, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Afghanistan drinking is against the laws and against the religion and its forbidden to drink alcohol and if anyone does they will be punished by the law.The question here was asked should Islam become more tolerant to alcohol. Well this quote explains the question; â€Å"The religion of Islam has long recognized the difference between the  "ideal† and the â€Å"reality†. The â€Å"ideal† is represented in the religious teachings in the Qur’an and the exemplary life of Muhammad (Sunna). The â€Å"reality† is the everyday life of countless Muslims over the last fourteen centuries who met the â€Å"ideal† to a greater or lesser degree, or not at all. There is no â€Å"original sin† in Islam and human beings fail to reach the â€Å"ideal† because of weakness and forgetfulness of Allah (God).Muslims, therefore, as per the examples cited in The Economist's article may well have consumed alcohol down through the centuries and may continue to do so in contemporary Muslim societies but this has nothing whatsoever to do with Islam, other than the fact that are engaged in a haram (forbidden) activity (Fairobserver 2013)†. Some countries follow only the law, rules and regulations and some countries follow their religion before there rules and regulations. However in all the countries drinking is forbidden in Ramadan and who is caught drinking in Ramadan will be punished by the laws of the country.In Quran it’s written â€Å"in surah 2, verse 219 of the Quran, it is stated that alcohol, like gambling, can have certain benefits, but â€Å"their sin is greater than their benefit. † In surah 5, verses 90 and 91, drinking is again linked with gambling, and the passages state that Satan uses intoxicants to instill hatred between people and distract them from remembering God. Surah 4, verse 43 also states that it is forbidden to pray while intoxicated (Michael Brenner n. d. ). † In this part it clearly explains that their sins with be greater than their benefits and that drinking is against the religion and linking with gambling. Scientific arguments for prohibition include the links between alcohol abuse and liver disease, cancer and numerous other health problems. The social arguments include the lowering of inhibitions and all the problems that come with it such as domestic violence, the spread of disease and crime (Michael Brenner n. d. )†. As we have said in the paragraph above that Alcohol is illegal in more religiously conformist Muslim countries such as Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and Iran, but it is legal in other Muslim-majority countries such as Lebanon, Egypt and Turkey.However, There are also benefits for women and men who devour a huge amount of alcohol which can include the following: â€Å"Lowers the risk of developing stomach ulcers, because alcohol may destroy Helicobacter pylori infection which causes ulcers, reduces the risk of a female developing heart disease, and leg pains, alcohol raises HDL (good) cholesterol levels which prevents plaques from forming and causing blood clots, possible bone protection, silicon which is found in beer, is associated with an improvement of bone density in males and females, lowers the risk of gallstones, reduces the risk of age-related cognitive decline a nd can reduce plaque build-ups which can lead to Alzheimer’s disease, reduces the risk of diabetes, lowers the risk of stroke, and reduces the risk of dying from a heart attack (Fenton 2009)†. These are great benefits of drinking for those women and men who consume larger amounts of alcohol. However drinking for old women and men can cause many bad consequences such as heart attack, stroke, heart failure, high blood pressure and many other problems can be caused for heavy drinkers in this age. â€Å"Over the past ten years, liquor sales in the Middle East have shot up 72% compared to the average global rise of 30%.Statistics indicate a surprising but clear spike in alcohol consumption in the Muslim-dominated region. Between 2001 and 2011, liquor sales there shot up 72%, according to London-based market research company IWSR. This is an astonishing surge, considering that the average global rise during the same period was 30%. Sample these figures: In Abu Dhabi, liquor sales are growing 28% a year, according to the Financial Times (FT). An increase in alcohol purchases has also been noted in Qatar and Lebanon, not to mention ‘party central’ Dubai, which has comfortably returned to its pre-recession annual sales growth of 26%. Sales at the Dubai Airport alone, reports FT, touched a record $1. 4 billion in 2010 (Thomas White 2012)†. The United Arab Emirates, which includes â€Å"party capital of the Arabian Peninsula† Dubai, is returning to its 2006-2008 trend of 26 percent annual growth in booze sales, which dropped off during the 2009 recession. In Emirate city Abu Dhabi, sales are â€Å"growing at 28 per cent a year. † Dubai's airport alone registered a record $1. 4 billion in 2010 sales. Alcohol industry pros also project increases in Qatar and Lebanon. Karr also notes that much of the liquor imported to the Middle East ends up moving to black markets in countries where it is banned. â€Å"Industry insiders esti mate that more than a half of the alcohol sold to traders in these emirates ends up being smuggled into Saudi Arabia and elsewhere. In Saudi Arabia, a â€Å"standard bottle of whiskey† can go for $150. Still, that's better than China, where producers ask up to $2,700 for a fancy bottle of Scotch (Fisher 2011)†. If we count the millions or billions that these countries make out of drinking it won’t be enough because alcohol has become one of the very huge businesses that people can actually work on it and they will get money and be very rich. In Dubai some people deliver alcohol to homes, just call them anytime and tell them what drinks a person want, when and where and they shall delivers it to a person’s home. Rather than going to drink outside and paying more just call these people who deliver drinks and a person will get them on time.Other problems are students drinking alcohol before going to university and some actually drink in university which is a bad behavior and it is a huge problem because these students have no idea what they are causing themselves in many problems. â€Å"The call to consider reducing the legal drinking age from 21 to 18 could spur some valuable discussion, but alone won't solve the college student alcohol problem, According to University Dean of the IU School of Education Gerardo Gonzalez, an internationally recognized expert on alcohol and drug education. More than 100 college and university chancellors and presidents have signed a public statement stating that the current legal drinking age of 21 hasn't worked (NewInfo 2008)†.Teenagers and many boys and girls drink a lot and they think this will make them feel better but it won’t make them feel better forever. Alcohol has become one of the biggest successful businesses all over the world because people will never stop drinking, no matter how much a person does and how many laws there are in place. Drinking is illegal and forbidden in many countries due to the laws and religion and that each country and place differs from one another. In closing and to sum up this essay, the use of alcohol to enhance personal enjoyment and as a method of increasing community revenues make the age old custom of consumption traditionally and fundamentally accepted in many different societies.As such the debate over the use and misuse of alcohol has continued as has it’s stigma as both a sign of maturity and a problem for many sectors of society. Alcohol has effects the society and has affected us in many different ways. This paper has helped establish some of the many arguments for and against the consumption of alcohol; it is up to the reader to determine which side of the argument to champion. Bibliography About. com. 2013. http://adam. about. net/reports/Alcoholism. htm. David J. , Hanson, Ph. D. Alcohol Problems and Solutions. http://www2. potsdam. edu/hansondj/Controversies/1114796842. html. Fairobserver. 2013. http://www. fairobserver. com/article/should-islam-become-more-tolerant-alcohol. Fenton, Dana. Steady Health.December 18, 2009. http://www. steadyhealth. com/articles/Pros_and_Cons_of_Alcohol_Consumption_a1111. html. Fisher, Max. The Atlantic Wire. January 3, 2011. http://www. theatlanticwire. com/global/2011/01/why-are-middle-east-booze-sales-booming/18095/. Michael Brenner, Demand Media. Opposing Views. http://people. opposingviews. com/drinking-islam-3163. html. NewInfo. August 21, 2008. http://newsinfo. iu. edu/news/page/normal/8692. html. Nuqudy. August 19, 2012. http://english. nuqudy. com/Levant/Alcohol_Sales_Incre-2878. Thomas White. September 14, 2012. http://www. thomaswhite. com/explore-the-world/Postcard/2012/middle-east-alcohol-consumption. aspx.

Application of Neo-institutional and Practice Theory to Fuji Xerox Essay

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Abortion in USA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Abortion in USA - Essay Example Abortion, or the willful termination of pregnancy, has very much been in the forefront in public debate in the United States. The legality of abortions and the right to have one are topics very vociferously opposed or supported.It should be noted that abortion is not a new phenomenon. Abortions have been carried out in the world since a long time ago. There have been findings, such as various olden texts, that prove that abortions were being carried out thousands of years ago. Various religious texts have also broached the subject in one way or another. It can be safely assumed that almost everyone has an opinionated stance when it comes to abortion based on what they deem to be their religious, moral, ethical and/or personal beliefs. Though many countries have legalized abortions, in the United States, the debate regarding the legality has still not been resolved, despite the United States Supreme Court having made a ruling on the subject. A brief historical overview in this regard reveals that abortion had not always been illegal in the United States. It was around the middle of the nineteenth century that states started enacting laws that made abortions illegal (â€Å"History of Abortion†). However, religion or morality did not have much to do with it. It was actually based on the premise of increasing the population, and ensuring that the immigrant populations did not increase those of the older residents. The religious minded people got involved in the debate much later, especially upon the scientific discovery that human life began at inception and not at the end of the first trimester as it had been previously thought. However, with the outlawing of abortion, there was a trend of women, who sought abortions, to go to ill-equipped back-alley practitioners most of whom were not medically trained. This resulted in many complications and deaths. With the passage of time, in late twentieth century, some states did legalize abortion; however, by 1965 it was effectively banned, with a few exceptions like in cases of rape or incest, if the mother’s life was at risk, or if the fetus was not developing right. Then, in 1973, the United States Supreme Court, in Roe v. Wade, struck down all state laws that prohibited a woman from having abortion, thus, in effect legalizing it. Even after the ruling in Roe v. Wade, the debate has not died, and some states, with the support, or by the demand, of the public at large, have enacted laws that restrict federal and/or state funding for abortion, thus minimizing the scope of the ruling. The two sides of the debate that oppose or support it are termed pro-life and pro-choice respectively. Out of the many arguments that they give, some are being mentioned here. The pro-life group argues that human life should not be so easily dispensable. It is sacred and should be preserved. A person has not right to end another’s life. Moreover, if we seek to bring religion into the debate then most , if not all, religions prohibit abortion, therefore, people who follow these faiths should not engage in the practice. Those women who opt for an abortion, according to a lot of religious minded people, show their lack of faith in God and His Commandments and His Providence. They claim that if God blesses someone with children, then He is the One who shall also provide sustenance. Also, the pain that the fetus goes through during the process is horrendous, and the fetus should not be subjected to that. What is more, abortion may also result in severe psychological trauma to the woman involved and cause emotional scarring that may last her entire life. Furthermore, abortion can, and often does, result in various medical complications. The procedure itself is quite painful, and though it does not have a long duration, however, the medical complications it can give rise to may last a life time. These medical complications include infection, sepsis, cervix weakening, miscarriages in la ter life, difficulties in

Profiling -marketing plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

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Nautilus Incorporation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Nautilus Incorporation - Research Paper Example The summarized findings of the financial analysis are outlined below: 1. Sales level of the company has been on a declining trend and the company’s sales are reduced to $180 million from $517 million. 2. For investors, both earning per share as well as dividend payout ratio, have shown very disgusting results. 3. The profitability position of the company is quite disappointing as the company incurred losses in first four years, but generated some profits in 2011. 4. Total Assets of the company have been on a declining trend as well, but there is a slight improvement in 2011. 5. Leverage position of the company has reflected negative results such that debt ratio has increased from 50% to 60% and the level of debt is on an increasing trend which is an alarming sign for the company. 6. Equity position of the company has also shown some bitter results such that it is reduced by 6 times from 2007. 7. Operating cash flows have remained quite volatile during last five years. 8. Free cash flows to firm are predicted to be increased by 10% every year. 9. The risk position of the company is not good at all and the company still in high risk zone. 10. A discount rate of 35% is used to discount the free cash flows. Introduction Nautilus Inc. is one of the constituent of NASDAQ member companies. ... well as the predicted free cash flows for the next five years have also been estimated by utilizing a relatively higher but an appropriate discount factor. Appendix has also been attached after the conclusion of this article in which the computations of some ratios have been displayed. Conclusion in the end will summarize financial analysis under this article. Sales Analysis If the sales of NLS are taken into consideration, it can be noticed that the company seems far behind from the objective of maintaining a persistent growth rate. The sales behavior of the company cannot be termed as healthy by any means due to significant shrinkages in the level of sales. From 2007 till 2010, the company suffered a continuous decline in its sales on yearly basis. The overall growth rate of sales level of the company has remained negative. The prime reason behind this sales decline is the change in the preferences of the people after recession as they took a defensive stance and avoided incurring expenditures on health and fitness based equipments. However, there is a very light ray of hope in the year 2011 where the company managed to increase its sales by around 7%. Overall the company’s past record imposes a solid question mark regarding the future level of sales because with this level of growth, the company would not be able to sustain for a longer period of time. The following table highlights the actual sales level and growth from 2007 till 2011: Years 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 Sales 180,412 168,450 189,260 411,178 501,471 Growth 7.10% -11.00% -53.97% -18.01% - Investors’ Ratio Analysis There are two basic ratios that have been computed in order to judge the performance of the company with respect to the equity investors. These two ratios are earning per share and dividend

Human Resources Managent - Equal Employment Opportinunity Essay

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Elements of Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Elements of Design - Essay Example Welch was in charge of making sure the costume designer, hair and makeup stylists, director of special effects, and the location managers were able to perfectly blend their visions together for the sake of the complete vision. If one of the aforementioned elements were out of place, Welch would have been the one to step in and make sure that aspects were properly altered to keep the film true to the vision of the director. The art directors was a combination of talents by Pierre Buffin, Kasra Farahani, Luke Freeborn, Sean Haworth, A. Todd Holland, and Maya Shimoguchi. Their jobs involved assigning tasks to members of the Art Department, who would then follow through accordingly. The art directors also kept track of the art department budget and making sure that construction, special effects tasks, graphics, and the locations department were all on schedule. Anything that required keeping some from of artwork or another on track was tended to by the art directors. In the â€Å"I cast you out† scene from Thor, the way that the artists utilized lighting helps to express fear and uncertainty, as well as anger. In this scene, Thor is being casted out of Asgard by his father Odin. The shadows that are casted on Odin’s face by the dim, flickering light in the room evoke anger as he banishes his son. These same shadows appear on Thor’s face, though they convey fear about what is about to take place. As the action unravels, the overall feel of the film is gloomy, which is accomplished in large by the lighting. The story that the filmmaker is attempting to tell is that Odin is upset by his son’s disobedience, and Thor is nervous about the new life that awaits him. The setting of the film is in mythological Asgard, a place that is overrun by the gods and goddesses of Norse mythology. It is a mystical land with massive golden palaces of the

Discuss the potential role of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of Essay - 1

Discuss the potential role of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of inflammatory diseases - Essay Example Human beings require polyunsaturated fatty acids for survival. This may come in the form of Omega 3 or Omega 6. Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and Omega 6 fatty acids often compete with one another in the body even though Omega 3 has more beneficial health benefits than the latter. Most western diets contain more Omega 6 fatty acids than Omega 3. It is for this reason that when compared to their Eastern counterparts, Westerners have high incidences of inflammatory disorders. Eskimos have little to no reports of autoimmune and inflammation-related disorders owing to their omega 3- rich diet. The latter community consumes plenty of sea food, which is a reliable source of Omega 3. The western diet currently lacks stipulated levels of omega 3. Most of it is dominated by omega 6 in ratios of 15 to 1 instead of 1:1 (Simopoulos, 2006). Evolution necessitates a relatively high amount of omega 3 in the diet but commercial and cultural patterns contradict this pattern. Omega 3 works to reduce inflammation in the body through a series of actions. As a soon a person takes fish or eats fish, the EPA (Eicosapentaenoic acid- an Omega 3 PUFA) minimises the release of prostaglandin metabolites. It also reduces the level of strong platelet aggregators in the blood. This causes the minimisation of leukotreine, which induces inflammation in the body. Furthermore, the acid also works by increasing the level of weak platelet aggregators (Simopoulos, 2006). Once a person increases their consumption of fish oil, they tend to report decreased levels of cholesterol as well as low amounts of triglycerides. These confer anti-inflammatory benefits to the host. EPAs in the body work to replace omega 6 acid in all cells of the body. However, particular attention is given to liver cells, monocytes, erythrocytes, neutrophils and platelets. Cell

The Origin of the Word Hubris Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Origin of the Word Hubris - Essay Example Along with advancements in science, the Greeks made significant advances in philosophy. â€Å"Beginning with Hesiod, the Greeks stressed the virtue of sophrosyne (moderation, self-control) as the key to happiness and right living. Its opposite was Hubris, meaning pride, arrogance and unbridled ambition† (). Hubris encompassed many aspects of life in ancient Greece. It was not only a philosophical matter but also a legal and religious matter. Hubris was not only an act against humans but also an act against the gods, â€Å"Hubris against the gods is often attributed as a character flaw of the heroes in Greek tragedy, and the cause of the nemesis or destruction, which befalls these characters† (). The gods were free to punish that mortal who were guilty of committing hubris but were also free to commit hubris themselves because of the power they possessed over mortals. Athenian dramatists often wrote about this theme in their plays, â€Å"Herodotus attributed the Persian defeat by the Greeks to Xerxes overweening pride, for Zeus tolerates pride in none but himself" (). Ancient Greek writings such as The Odyssey also touch on the topic of hubris on a mortal to mortal level rather than an immortal to a mortal level. The most popular example is that of Penelope’s suitors who are made to pay for their crimes against the household of Odysseus from the hands of Odysseus himself rather than one of the gods. In this case, hubris was an act of violence but an act of arrogance. Penelope’s suitors believed that Odysseus would not be returning so they helped themselves to his property and wife. From a modern perspective, this act of hubris does not stem from excessive pride but from practicality. After all, Odysseus was gone for quite some time but according to Homer. this extended absence was not an excuse for arrogance.

The water cycle Essay Example for Free

The water cycle Essay Directly relative to the hydrologic cycle is the effect of urbanization in the impervious cover (IC). As mentioned earlier in this paper, the lower the rate of impervious area, the higher will be the rate of water infiltration which means that water run-off is relatively low. Obviously, urbanization requires the construction of more sidewalks, driveways, parking lots and more houses which make the soil impervious. The next chapter of this paper discusses in detail the specific effects of urbanization to the hydrologic cycle. Powered by solar energy and gravity, the movement of water in our environment is a continuous cycle. The water cycle also referred to as the hydrological cycle is just one of the vital natural cycles that typically involves the changing of the states of water from liquid, vapor and ice as it moves on, above and below the surface of the earth (Gore, Pamela 2005). 1Water also transforms through the processes of vaporization or evaporation (liquid to gas), condensation (gas to liquid), melting or fusion (solid to liquid), and sublimation (gas to solid, or the reverse). The cycle involves the soil, the plants, and the bodies of water, the air and the sun. Playing an important role in the climactic patterns, changes in the hydrologic cycle are revealed in the changes in the world’s climate and the seal level. As what researchers and scientists have been claiming decades ago, human intervention of which urbanization is the most evident, has played a great role in the significant changes in the cycle. In order to clearly present the validity of such claim, it is helpful for us to look back at the normal cycle of water. Figure 3. 1 shows the normal hydrologic cycle as presented by the U. S. Geological Survey. At first look, it seems that humans are not directly involved in the cycle but if we are to examine each phase of the cycle, we will be able to extract information that will link human activities to each phase of the cycle. Scientists consider the earth as a â€Å"closed-system† which means that almost its entire elements contained therein just move in different cycles and that the earth neither lose nor gain significant amount of matter (Global Hydrology and Climate Center). In terms of the hydrologic cycle, water is distributed globally and recycled continuously, which is the same cycle way back millions of years ago. Figure 3. 1 The Water Cycle. Source: U. S. Geological Survey The cycle of water involves six major processes: (1) evaporation, (2) transpiration, (3) horizontal transport of water, (5) precipitation and (6) water flowing as run-off. In the process of evaporation, the liquid state of water from the surface of the bodies of water and from the soils transforms into gas or vapor. Water also transforms into gas state through the process of transpiration where a certain amount of water from the plants are released in the air through the leaves of plants. In another phase of the cycle, water also travels in the cycle as atmospheric water in a horizontal direction in forms of water droplets, ice crystals or vapor. The process of precipitation takes place in the air wherein the atmospheric vapor undergoes condensation and sublimation that will then fall to the earth as hail, snow, sleet and rain. In any of these states, 3precipitation that reaches the earth flows through one of four major routes. As suggested by the arrows in figure 1. 1, precipitation may fall down the earth and runs off to the bodies of water like ponds, wetlands and lakes. Precipitation may also follow the route of river and creeks after running off over the land. Water that runs over the land may run through as surface water while some amount will serve as groundwater. Because this amount of water was not able to infiltrate into the ground, the same will return to the atmosphere either through the process of transpiration or evaporation. Scientists define surface water as water that stands or flows on the surface of the earth and also referred to as run-off (White, Iain 2007). Current practice on considers run-off as dangerous to human health and these are usually driven out of the land surface as quickly as possible into sewers or man-made drainage systems. This practice however alters the normal hydrologic cycle as infiltration is lessened which directly affects the processes of transpiration and evaporation. Through the process of infiltration, water sips or absorbed by the ground surface of the earth and so these volume of water is called surface water. On the other hand, groundwater is that volume of run off that sips in the ground and flows through the cracks in the soil, sand and through the spaces between beds of rocks. Depending on the sizes of spaces between rocks and soil, groundwater will be stored in such spaces called aquifers. Aquifers are water-bearing rocks because of their characteristics of high porosity and permeability of which sandstones and gravels are excellent examples (Gore, Pamela 1995). In contrast, rocks, which are not porous like shale, are called aquicludes and so they cannot store water. However, highly jointed aquicludes may also become aquifers because water can also be contained in rock joints. The water that was not absorbed by the plants, or stored in aquifers will eventually into the bodies of water such as the ocean or creeks. The cycle then continues as such water then goes back to the atmosphere through evaporation or transpiration which scientists safely referred to as Evapotranspiration (ET). The amount of water is not well distributed globally as there are areas there are arid lands like Phoenix and Saudi Arabia compared to more permeable areas like some countries of Asia. This is primarily because the types and number of water reservoir of countries varies. Figure 4. 1 will give us the idea that since much of the world’s water is stored in the ocean reservoir, it follows that countries which do have much of such bodies of water have the highest volume of water distribution. If we are to express figures in percentage, we will come up with 97% accounting for water in the ocean and the three percent is distributed among the reservoirs in the soils and the cryosphere in forms of ice caps and glaciers particularly in the areas of Antarctica and Greenland. It is important to note that the total amount of water in the different reservoirs remains nearly constant with the natural landscape and impervious groundcover held in its close original state (NEMO California Partnership, 1997). In the research made by NEMO National Network (California Partnership) in cooperation with the California local government units and the local Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), shallow and deep infiltration of water is 50% while 40% of the water is processed during evapotranspiration. Illustration of the relationship of water run-off and infiltration (NEMO) In this scenario, only 10% of water turns out to be run-off. As the rate of imperviousness increases due to alteration or removal of the natural groundcover, the rate of infiltration consequently decreases. This then results to a higher percentage of run-off water and a lower percentage of water processed during evapotranspiration. The question therefore is: in what ways does infiltration rate increases or decreases and how are human activities relate to this process?

Sociology and Psychological Prejudice Essay Example for Free

Sociology and Psychological Prejudice Essay The following are some of the key definitions and terms used in this article. Tele-Health, Tele-Medicine, Teaching and Education, Tele-Medicine Information, Hospital Primary Care Networks, E-Readiness, Hard Technologies, Information Communication Technologies Infrastructure, Technology Adaptation, Technology Adoption, Transportation Modality. b) Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) (Davis, 1986, 1989) is an adaptation of the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) (Fishbein and Ajzen, 1975; Ajzen and Fishbein, 1980). Initially Telemedicine, may be determined or measured by the End-Users willingness to embrace and utilize a new or adaptation of existing technologies for specific application to telemedicine, in preference to an old technology (Davis, 1989). And later on focusing on a number of inter- and extra-organizational variables, Igbaria, Zinatelli, Cragg, and Cavaye (1997) made a number of interesting discoveries relative to computing utilization. For them the external components were (a) internal computing support, (b) internal computing training, (c) management support, (d) external computing support, and (e) external computing training. c) Overview of the France healthcare system Modern France has one of theâ€Å"universal† health care systems in the world and is a leader among European nations. It offers a â€Å"high quality services and is easily accessible at the same time†. In France, every employed individual, regardless of the level of employment, is covered by a national health insurance plan known as securite sociale (Social Security). The French health care system is mainly financed by social insurance but there is also a significant supplementary insurance. C. 1 Telemedicine Systems in France. During the 1960’s, France experienced significant growth in the use of telephone and radiophone consultations for health care purposes. This growth led to the creation of the SAMU (Service d? Aide Medical d? Urgence) in 1968 and the SAMUR (Service Mobile d? Urgence et Reanimation), which represented important milestones in the history of telemedicine in France. Since the late 1990’s to date, France, being one of the co-founder of the European Community, implemented a number of programs that have catapulted France into the forefront of Telemedicine, not only in Europe but worldwide. France has taken many steps to extend telemedicine applications. Given all that France has accomplished in the area of Telemedicine, it is inconceivable that further advancements will be tempered only by advances in medical technology. d) The U. S. healthcare system. Perhaps, driven by the â€Å"market-oriented economy of the U. S. , the U. S health Care System is a â€Å"blend of public and private involvement in the delivery of health care services† (Shi and Singh, 2004). The health care system in the U. S is financed through (1) Voluntary payers for those who can afford to pay for health care services; (2) A Multi-payer system that includes premiums or general taxes. At this level there are health care insurance services that provide coverage for most employees and their immediate dependants; and (3) Government sponsored (Medicare and Medicaid) – where many that are â€Å"under-insured† or â€Å"un-insured† rely mainly on this netting to cover basic health care services. D. 1 Telemedicine Systems in the U. S. In the 1970’s telemedicine received a tremendous boost from manned space-flight program when Lockheed Missile and Space (now Lockheed Martin) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) doctors demonstrated that they provide health care services to people with severe health problems, but who had difficulties accessing health care services. In 1990, Maritime Health Services (MHS), based in Seattle, Washington, initiated a program that allowed medical officers on board fishing trawlers to communicate directly with shore-based physicians as needed, around the clock (Zundel, 1996). However there are three basic areas of telemedicine that are worthy listing: (a) NASA’s Telemedicine applications with terrestrial based applications; (b) Telemedicine application in Disaster Response; and (c) Telemedicine in the area of Home Health Care. 3. YOUR THOUGHTS RECOMMENDATIONS As per our article, French has better telemedicine service than USA because French takes short time to approval of new technology and USA more focus on efficacy of device while French focus on safety. In rural area of USA, telecommunication and information infrastructure is requiring for success delivery of telemedicine, Georgia State is best example of that. So, in USA, try to make fast approval of new medical device and technology. Also, some other recommendations are * Teaching health care professionals using appropriate telecommunication systems * Research designed with a view to harmonize training schemes or research programs for telemedicine * Raise the special fund to develop telemedicine. * Develop better communication network in rural area and teach people how to use them. * Telemedicine is best way to transfer medical service in rural area and isolated communities. * Connect all hospitals and allow to access each other patient’s treatment 4. AREAS OF ADDITIONAL RESEARCH Use of Telemedicine as an extension of a doctor’s medical practice is more readily accepted in France, where there are no credentialing issues. A doctor may physically be located in Paris while he remotely guides surgical procedures in other parts of France without having to acquire appropriate credentials in that remote area. Credentialing of civilian health care personnel is easily overcome. Further research is necessary in this area. France, and Europe in general, will continue to make greater strides in the deploying telemedicine application more than the U. S. due in part to the shorter time it takes to approve medical technologies. Further research is necessary in this area.

Does The Freedom Of Press Affect Our Daily Life?

Does The Freedom Of Press Affect Our Daily Life? The first amendment gives us the right to express our feelings without any restrictions. Freedom of the press is usually defined as the right to communicate ideas, opinions, and information without government restraint (Dennis and Merill 5) The newspaper was one our main source of communication. Newspapers were mainly just for News. Now you could access to any type of information in the different sections that a newspaper have. Newspapers have sections that talk about Finance, Sports and even real estate. The internet has taken a lot of the audience that were served by the newspaper. The internet is more accessible than the newspaper. It is easier to search and access information. Many of us dont even have the time to stop and get the newspaper. The internet makes it easier to access the information of our interest and not those sections in the newspaper that we tend to skip. Cellphones and Portable devices lets us access the media on the Go. Many television channels and newspapers give access to certain shows or news that could be transferred to our portable players. The media is now more customized. There are several types of news that focus in different interests and targeted to different markets. There are Financial newspapers, Sports, Entertainment, Local news, International news and even in other languages. The news is less conservative now. We could have access to different news that could be access for free that wont be available in certain newspapers. It is easier for us to access the information online. It is easier to target this audience via internet. Most of us spend more time in front of a computer students use more internet sources for school projects. The online version is already replacing the Original print version of the newspaper because it is more accessible. In this fast paced world we do not like to wait. We like everything at out fingertips. Online we even have access to archives news; some sites require subscriptions to access the full content of the articles. The internet is slowly replacing newspaper, television and radio. We could have access our favorite channels and watch videos that were originally broadcasted on T.V. Just like we could have access to certain articles that were originally printed in the newspaper. And last but not least download songs that we usually just listen to on the radio. There will always be that small group that does not have access to the internet that will still get their newspaper in the morning and also watch T.V at 6pm. This is a slow transition that that is affecting our everyday life. The popularity of the internet as a resource of news raises questions about the future of traditional news media. Is the internet likely to become an addition to newspapers and television news, or a replacement used for these media? Along with the people who have access to television, the internet and newspapers some prefer to use the Web as a resource of news, while others prefer conventional news media. We access the news that we are interested in a video online. MTV, ESPN and other sites give us the option to subscribe to their newsletter and customize the information that we would like to receive. It also gives us the option to receive automatic updates of news. The ability of us being able to customize the information that we receive is great. We are able to just read the information that we are interested in. Rather than what happened to Angelina Jolie in Africa. Yes it is information that is good to know but not as important as knowing about local news or news that is that is affecting us directly. It is easier to filter the information that we want to read rather that standing in front of the T.V watching celebrity News. The internet and independent newspapers has helped journalist to be more original about what they write. There are certain articles that you will find in the web that will not be printed in the NY Times. The interment gives everyone the real meaning of the first amendment. We could basically write and post anything we want. The internet is not about ratings is about getting the information out to the public. Ratings is what T.V stations are looking for and thats why the advertise celebrity news because that is what people would like to see. But many of us want to know what is really going on in the real world and what is going on in our local areas and the war in Iraq. Journalism has changed ever since we made the transition from the radio to the television. We could access any kind of information if our portable devices and even our cell phones. I do not believe that the newspaper will disappear but I do believe that there will be more information available in the web that in the printed version. Some news channels give us the information of where to go if we want to find out more about a certain news or article.

Commentary: Fitt IV Essay example -- English Literature

Commentary: Fitt IV The extract from Fitt IV describes the first intended blow of the Green Knight against Gawain. Many lines at the beginning of the extract are dedicated to creating the image of the Green Knight picking up his weapon and preparing himself to deal the deadly blow to Gawain. Much of the focus is on the Green Knight’s physical strength, for example ‘With alle the bur in his body’ and ‘Hade hit dryven adoun as drey as he atled, / Ther hade bend ded of his dynt that doghty was ever’. Moreover, the description of the weapon also provides a formidable presence for Gawain, ‘Gederes up hys [the Green Knigh’s] grymme tole, Gawayn to smyte’. However, instead of landing the fatal blow on Gawain’s neck, as discussed in the contract of the game, Gawain flinches away from the axe. The Green Knight is outraged and tells Gawain ‘Such cowardise of that knight cowthe I never here’ as Gawain recoiled in fear before encountering any pain. The Green Knight sees Gawain moving away from the blow of the axe as compromising his reputation as a knight at the court of Camelot. Throughout the first three fitts of the story Gawain can be seen as the epitome of chivalry, a virtue essential to an Arthurian knight. His behaviour when first accepting the challenge of the Green Knight demonstrates the chivalric asset of selfless loyalty towards his King, but also shows his humble attitude by the language he uses ‘And lest lur of my lyf, quo laytes the sothe / Bot for as much as ye ar myn em, I am only prayse; / No bounte bot your blod I in my bode knowe’. These chivalric qualities are further stressed by the Gawain-poet when describing Gawain’s armouring scene. Gawain’s shield, featuring the pentangle, is an iconic i... ...rld seems more virtuous than himself at that moment. The extract from Fitt IV is an essential moment of the story of ‘Sir Gawain and the Green Knight’. It encompasses part of the climax of the story, depicting that which Gawain has been working up to all year. The section also acts as a moment of tension within the final beheading scene as it is expected that Gawain will endure the blow and lose his head. However, the act of Gawain flinching away from the axe works as an anticlimax, a pattern which is repeated for the next two attempts of beheading. It is also surprising from the readers’ perspective that Gawain should recoil from the blow as up until this point he has been characterised as knightly, loyal and truthful. This moment in the story is an interesting change in pace and foresees the sudden twist in the plot at the end of the beheading scene.

Aeneas Fights With Turnus Essays -- Aeneid Virgil Essays

Aeneas Fights With Turnus In the Aeneid, Virgil describes many human qualities, problems and characteristics. Some examples which I wish to illustrate can be found in the end of epic, in the scene of the final duel between Aeneas and Turnus. Virgil also introduces a novel idea in his work. Both sides, the Trojans and the Latins, are portrayed as noble people. Even though Aeneas is fated to win, and he is the hero of the work, the opposing force, Turnus, is not portrayed as evil, but rather like a noble person in a very hard situation. Virgil deals as much with physical and psychological problems Turnus faces, being an honest and noble man, as he does with Aeneas’s problems. By the time the battle begins, Turnus knows that he will lose. His sister, who was given some divine powers by Jupiter earlier, helped him during the battle before the final duel, but then she is called off by Jupiter. Turnus knew even before the battle started that he will lose, because it was fated for Aeneas to receive the land and marry Lavinia. He was urged by King Latinus and Lavinia herself not to fight but as the poet says, â€Å"Words cannot check the violence of Turnus† (Book XII, 62). Who was Turnus’s â€Å"violence†, or anger against? I do not think that it was Aeneas. Turnus was angry at the fate that forced him to give up the woman he loved to some newcomer. He could not accept that. Virgil is showing that anger can drive a person to the most irrational decisions. Turnus went, knowingly, to die because he was angry at fate, which cannot be changed. Aeneas faces a similar problem when he has to leave Dido -- fate is against his desires, but Aeneas, chooses fate’s way, while Turnus chooses his desires. This quality is not only portrayed in the ... ...ght of Pallas’s belt upon his murderer. He decides to avenge him, and punish Turnus for his crimes. Here, justice prevails over mercy, and repentance does not achieve any results. It is difficult to see how in later times Virgil might have been referred to as a Christian before Christ. He clearly here states that Aeneas, who was a very humane hero, kills Turnus to avenge his friend despite the fact that Turnus repented his sins. At the end, justice triumphs over feelings like mercy. Both men, Aeneas and Turnus are shown to be bound by justice. Turnus cannot accept Aeneas’s usurping of his wedding rites, and is prepared to fight and die for it. Aeneas cannot accept the slaughter of his friend, and must avenge him. And even though only one of them is the hero of the epic, both follow a similar path through the work, and both get what they were assigned to by fate.

Brutus and Mark Antony in the play Julius Caesar :: William Shakespeare

The Empire of Deceit In the play Julius Caesar, written by the playwright William Shakespeare, the characters Brutus and Mark Antony each recite a speech in the market place after Caesar’s death. These speeches, exemplifying parallelism, verbal irony, and witty use rhetoric, expose the true intentions of these characters. From these speeches, the reader can understand the true intentions of these characters and thus conclude for themselves whether or not the slaying of Caesar was one of justice or one of greed. Corruption is always apparent in every society. No matter what time, age, or government, every man or women always has a second intention. In murdering Caesar, Brutus hoped that he could gain power. His intentions also presented a scenario in which the plebeians were pleased with his course of action. Why? With the logic that states that all Roman people were or would become the slaves of Caesar due to his immense power. Thus, in Brutus’s mind, he is the liberator of the Roman people. Trying to woo the simple plebeians in the marketplace, he asks them to invest trust in him. Brutus makes clever rhetoric such as his emphasis and emotion on powerful words to convey his message. But what the reader must understand is that this man is nothing more than a corrupt politician. Brutus uses language in his favor, stating he killed Caesar not out of hate, but in fact because of his love of the Roman people. If one truly understands the key principles of all language and philosophy, the n one must be able to tell that Brutus is doing nothing more than using a â€Å"double-talk† kind of approach towards the common man. Reality can be controlled. The reason behind this statement is simple- reality is controlled by keepers of the records. What this statement means is that any situation can be manipulated in order to favor one side or another. In the speech by Antony, the tide of reality pulls sharply out, exposing a beach of discontent and deceit. Antony starts his speech by saying that he is not there to praise the late emperor, but in fact accept the fact that Brutus is a praiseworthy man. However, Antony’s speech begins to pull the tide of Brutus’s reality once Antony mentions that Caesar was his friend. It is this simple notion that changes Rome’s future forever. Antony goes on to state that Caesar had triumphed over many enemies, thus bringing power to the Romans and bringing much fortune.

I Have A Dream Speech Essay

Throughout the speech, King frequently appeals to pathos, but he uses all three of the Aristotelian appeals effectively. He uses appeal to pathos to let his audience realize what type of condition the African Americans are in. He uses another appeal to logos to persuade the African Americans to take actions and also to use it for transitions. He also uses appeal to ethos to keep the readers and the audiences to be interested. According to King’s speech, he stated, â€Å"But one hundred years later, the Negro still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination†¦.And so we’ve come here today to dramatize a shameful condition.† This quote means that after one hundred years free from being slaved, African Americans were still not free through discrimination and segregation. That’s why hundreds of thousands of African Americans came at the Lincoln’s Memorial to dramatize these conditions. King uses anaphora on this quote to emphasize the repetition of the phrase at the beginning of the consecutive sentences to let the reader or the audience know what happened after ‘one hundred years.’In paragraph one to six, the purpose of this section was to introduce the information to the audience about what they needed to know. According to King’s speech, he stated, â€Å"†¦a great American†¦signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves†¦.. But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free†¦. We’ve come here to dramatize a shameful condition†¦. In a sense we’ve come to our nation’s capital to cash a bad check†¦.., that has come back marked as â€Å"insufficient funds†. But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt.† This quote means that the Emancipation Proclamation was the greatest hope for all African Americans to be free. But after one hundred years, they were given a ‘bad check’ because they were facing through many discriminations and segregations. In the second section, the purpose of it was to inform the African Americans what actions they should take and the avoidance in order to gain freedom. In the text, it says, â€Å"Let us not seek satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred. We must forever conduct struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline.† This quote means that the African Americans should not take actions with hatred and bitterness. Instead they should have dignity and discipline to gain freedom. In the third section, the purpose of this section was to describe  the changes and call to action. According in the speech, King stated, â€Å" I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi and other parts of the world that suffered through inequality and oppression, will change into freedom and injustice. King uses the writing framework because his speech has a beginning – an introduction, a middle – theme, opposition, and change, and an end – call to action.

The Destructive Cross-Examination of Socrates

Socrates spent or so of his life in capital of Greece. During his life he witnessed the rise and exuberate of A becauses and the rapid decline of Athens during the Peloponnesian war. Socrates met and talked with a variety of deal much(prenominal) as politicians, statesmen, sophists, poets, architects, and ordinary citizens. He taught philosophy to the call professess of Athens, devoted friends, and pupils kindred Crito. Plato was atomic number 53 of Socrates students, and he is considered to be most brilliant student of Socrates. In position, Plato is the study source of nonicelight-emitting diodege intimately Socrates life.Socrates pursuitioned and get across-exa tapd Athenians about their moral, religious, and political dogmas. People found it unwieldy to understand him. His habits were strange, and his crinkles were hard to understand. Socrates created a transformation in Greek philosophy. Plato portrayed this transition in defensive measure of Socrates, Euthy phro, and Crito. Socratic order is char fermenterized by asking hesitations. When Socrates talks, he asks the questions each the time. He teaches and refutes with questions. He talks to bulk with questions.The central element that up machinate the Athenians was the foul cross-examination of the principles and beliefs that Athenians lived by, which consequently led to Socrates remainder because his coevals did non want to hold up their consume ignorance. Socrates was searching for the meaning of things he valued proof of what was defined which would give formal reason for itself. The fact that really infract Athenians was the attack of the most fundamental principles of Athenian life. Socrates did not recruit state to observe him rather he went out and asked them their views.His lectures were not characterized by forcing his ideas onto former(a) people. The individuals brought their point of views on particular subject in conferences set up by Socrates. Socrates way o f examen or challenging a belief is by seeing what believer is affiliated to. A while, who suck ups a statement, especially in debate with Socrates, must be mensural what he cl fetchs to know. whizz of the examples is a chat mingled with Euthyphro and Socrates. They both confound pending fittingnesssuits. Socrates is incriminate of impiety, and Euthyphro is going to prosecute his suffer pay off.Euthyphros father is focussingd with violent death a twenty-four hour period-laborer. accord to Euthyphro his actions to prosecute his father is a model for piety. It doesnt payoff if the guilty one is a copulation or a stranger, murder is murder. Euthyphro warrant his actions by saying that he knows what divine or un hallowed is. Socrates wants to know what is hallowed or un consecrate since he was accused of impiety, and it seems that Euthyphro has exact knowledge of religion. The discussion between Socrates and Euthyphro illustrate an alternative approach to servi ce.Euthyphros answer to what is holy is in a form that lists individual actions. Socrates presents the questions that be mutually exclusive. For example,is the holy loved by the deitys because it is holy? Or is it holy because it is loved? He asks plenty of questions like that. Euthyphro (the respondent) has to make a choice between the alternatives presented. Socrates accepts what is a false answer to his question. The dialogue between Socrates and Euthyphro present the un true statement. The definition of holy was not discovered. This cross examination do Euthyphro rattling uncomfortable.As Socrates demonstrated, Euthyphro did not have exact knowledge of religion and what holy or unholy is. If Euthyphro, who is professionally devoted to religion, cannot produce an adequate answer or some(a) valid touchstone of holy, it is hardly to be expected that Athenian citizens will provide intelligent answers to such questions. Socrates was weightd with irreligion, impiety, and cor ruption of youth. The Defence of Socrates is dissever into three speeches. The opening is the criticism of the peroration in the flirt, and Socrates is carried away by the speeches of his accusers. His defense is base on the word rectitude. At the showtime of the speech he makes it clear that he is interested only in truth my accusers have say little or nothing true whereas from me you shall hear the totally truth The speeches in beg in general have no relation to truth. The loudspeakers aim to persuade others in believing what the speaker is saying. Socrates is compelled to make speech in court to defend himself. Socrates replaces the speech that is common in Athenian courts and exercises his deliver kind of cross-examination, whenever rightfulness permits him to do so. He proceeds tally to his method of examining by questions and answers.Also, he wishes to speak with judges for more than one day and perhaps convince them that his accusers are impairment. Socrates a cquired a crappy reputation because he has some special wisdom as his accusers are saying. This is based on the account of Chaerephon, Socrates friend. Chaerephon asked the Delphian oracle who is the wisest. The oracles answer was that Socrates is the wisest. When Socrates heard the story, he was perplexed how this perhaps could be the truth. Socrates went and questioned poets, craftsman, and politicians. He made enemies for himself during his quest for wisdom. Socrates recognise and formed opinion that, although the man thought to be wise by umpteen other people, and especially himself, all the aforesaid(prenominal) in reality he was not. through and through with(predicate) this mould Socrates came to conclusion that only god is truly wise, and Socrates wisdom is worth nothing. With this excuse Socrates sets up tension against the pixilated care of impiety. For Socrates, piety refers to his mission based on the conviction that he and others are ignorant. Socrates rec eptive through examination the ignorance of others. They claimed they knew something, when in fact they did not know anything. Socrates made people retrieve and find the truth.Once they were exposed to Socrates questioning, they realized they were ignorant and no truth was found. Because Athenians had a reputation to protect, they brought absurd charges against him. Next, the substantial populations of Athens, the judges, the members of the crowd are claiming to be educators, except Socrates. This absurd exaggeration expresses the sophistic relativism and is ironic, since Socrates is accused of cosmos a sophist. We must make a clear distinction between the two. First, sophists charged fees for their services, next sophists in Athens were not citizens and they traveled throughout the Greek world.Finally, the sophist would use or find the pedigree that worked the best and did not care whether they exposed the truth. Socrates did not charge fees, was an Athenian citizen, and beli eved in uncovering the truth. Additionally, there is another absurdity concealed in Socrates indictment. Socrates asks Meletos if he is debauch youth intentionally or unintentionally. Meletos replies without hesitation-intentionally. Socrates said that his wrongdoing is impossible. If Socrates is so stupid that he does not realize that he harms other, then he must do it unintentionally.Also, Socrates makes a clever annotation towards Meletus Are you so much smarter at your age than mine as to realize that the bad have a harmful impact upon their hand-to-hand companions at any given time, whereas the nice have a beneficial answer? Socrates beg offs that if he is corrupting youth he must do it unintentionally, and according to the law he should not be brought to court based on such a mistake. To add, he explains other reasons wherefore alleged(a) corruption of youth might be happening. Since all others are teachers of the youth, they should teach the youth dependableice and what is right.Evidently, they failed to do so, since Socrates has so many loyal heeders. Finally, there is Socrates defense against the charge that he does not extol gods. According to Socrates, this charge is too vague. He asked his accuser to make the point more precisely and explain it. Socrates begins to ask Meletos a series of questions. One of the Meletus charges is that Socrates does not acknowledge gods and claims that the sun and the synodic month are made of rocks. Socrates exclaims that this is mistaken identity. It is Anaxagoras of Clazomenae who made such a claim in his books which you can get anywhere for a cheap price.Socrates makes another clever remark that he does not believe that members of jury are illiterate and therefore they should know that Meletus charge is absurd. Furthermore, Socrates questioned Meletus and came to conclusion that according to Meletus, Socrates believes in some sort of spiritual being. Socrates ends with the question How could you pos sibly persuade anyone with even slightest discussion that someone who accepts spiritual beings does not alike accepts divine ones, and again that the same soulfulness in any case accepts neither spirits nor gods nor heroes? Socrates refuted the charge of impiety by showing through questioning, that he could not be a despiser of gods since he believes in spiritual beings and descendants of gods. Socrates exposed Meletos self-contradiction, ignorance, and ignorance of the judges and jury, since they allowed charges to be brought to the court. In addition, Socrates takes unmistakable delight in the process of uncovering ones ignorance. followers the custom, Socrates must propose the proper penalisation for himself. Socrates considers a variety of punishments. He examined his give life.He believed that he fulfilled the duty towards the whole community by examining others and himself and did not wrong anybody. The exile would not be seize punishment. Socrates proposes that his pe nalty should be free meals, since he is doing a severe thing in Athens. Socrates stands his ground as is portrayed in the third part of his speech. He accepts his death penalty, but also he warns his executioners that set people to death will not prevent anyone from living unjustly and in ignorance. Socrates is convinced that his philosophical life of examining his own and other Athenians beliefs and actions is his duty.He does not fear death. He does not know if death is good or bad. Socrates warns Athenians not to value wealth, power, and prestigiousness more than moral worthiness. The moral excellence is the best possible state of ones soul. Socrates commitment to reasoned argument is evident in Crito. There, in communication with Crito, Socrates justifies his decision to remain in prison. Crito listed the reasons why Socrates should escape. First, Crito does not want to lose a friend, next what will other think that Crito doesnt want to make apply for his friend.Socrates b egins with the reply that he must follow the logic I cannot reject the very principle that I previously adopted, just because this fate has overtaken me rather they appeared to me much the same as ever, and I respect and honor the same ones that I did before. This principle is deep down him and appears to be the best, regardless of situation. Additionally, Socrates examined his own morality. For Socrates, the sterling(prenominal) good is to be prudent and wickedness is to be imprudent. Prudence is the ability to act by use of reason and allows to list when acts are reckless, cowardly or courageous.Socrates, also examined other of his principles such as not to do injustice, not to do bad things to other human beings, obey the laws of Athens, which he voluntary accepted. Yet again through the questioning of his own principles and in dialogue with Crito, Socrates comes to conclusion, that one shouldnt care what other people think, but think what is just or unjust. If Socrates wou ld escape, he would violate the inviolate laws of Athens. The escape would be unjust. Socrates reasoned that if he would escape, the life time of his work would be destroyed.He dedicated his life to justice, to the state, and the law. Socrates must stand his teachings trough his actions. On the whole, Socrates during his lifetime pursue the truth. For Socrates, the truth was the only moral rachis in uncertain world. His method was direct. He asked questions in dialogues with anyone who would engage in conversation. This dialectical process was a purifying process. analogous to water filter, removing all the scum and deposit until results were pure. Socrates revealed through this process what is untruth.For Socrates, the inner truth is covered by the layers of untruth, and he act to peel them away. This method is also cognize as negative method-eliminate what leads to contradiction. Socrates forced his propagation to re-evaluate, reflect and reconsider their beliefs. He did this in the ways that left people with uncertainty, in the state of unease, and realization of their own ignorance (but not admitting to it) as Plato portrayed in Euthyphro, Crito and Defence of Socrates. Furthermore, the Oracle of Delphi response to Chaerephon, who is the wisest man, provided Socrates with insights to education.The most goodish motivation to learning is acknowledgment of own ignorance. Next, Socratic Method seeks to find prevalent definition. Socrates believed that all things have something essential within them which can be uncovered by reason. The essential properties can be summarized in definition. For example, he seeks to find the definition what is holy or unholy in Euthyphro. The results of Socrates enquires in search for truth, knowledge, and wisdom through cross-examination, led to his death, because his contemporaries did not to want admit their own ignorance.

Economics Commentary: Macroeconomics Essay

Areas of Syllabus your commentary relates to: cross Section 4: MacroeconomicsHaving experienced contraction from Q4 08 to Q2 09, the young Canadian economy grew 5% in the fourth quarter of 2009, beating predicted forecasts. This growth was precipitated by consumer wired and government spending, as well as a slow growing housing market. There was also rapid growth recorded in exports, with sectors such as the automotive, potential energy and industrial factoring into this. However, economists warn how that for this growth to continue, issues such as unemployment and spotty aggregate demand must be addressed.It is an interesting science, even if it isnt an exact science.Fiscal policy generally concerns itself with creating conditions of full employment, price stability and real GDP growth. Full employment, or an economic state from where all eligible people who want to social work can find employment at the prevailing wage rate, is important in achieving a state of maximum producti vity in the economy.The direct current unemployment rate is 8.2%, above the generally accepted natural rate of unemployment.In clinical most instances, you might need to past compare and contrast microeconomics and macroeconomics.

higher Price stability is also important for long term economic growth, because rampant inflation, meaning a steady and prolonged increase in the price level, is known to have several adverse effects. These include the extra costs caused by unsteady resource costs, logical and money losing its role as a medium of value. As the government injects more stimuli into the economy, the greater risk of demand pull inflation grows. Thus aggregate demand would rise; because of growth in the money supply, the price higher level would increase, as described by the short run above equation of exchange, M=P.Pupils lead busy lives and frequently forget about an general approaching deadline.Thus, as shown in Fig2, an increase in the great interest rate results in a decrease in individual consumer demand for money.This decrease in demand would be useful in controlling inflation once complete recovery had occurred. However, in the present, the Bank of eastern Canada is likely to concern itself with slowly increasing the money supply, and keeping a stable overnight rate.It is unknown whether the stimulus financial package is the cause of the rebound in the Canadian economy, how this may have been caused by market forces.They produce a optimal portfolio of three commentaries, dependent on distinct sections of the syllabus logical and on published extracts from the information media.

Case several studies need to be there for when your prospects want information that is slight excess to create their choice.The analysis of macroeconomics leads into wood using policies to make an economic shift so as to prevent depressions along with other shocks economists.Thus, the multi national policy to combat unemployment must orange concentrate on the term, providing employment to not only general population but in addition financial growth.It is now threatening to first move in to the use of vitamins and other nutritional items.

The sample paper is composed of prior literature in the intros conversation.Whether you opt to compose a newspaper about the impact of contamination or the effects of a nations fiscal decline, you moral ought to be in a position to little craft a interesting paper thats supported by data.Bear in mind deeds that the topic isnt as essential as is the strategy.If youre analyzing the topic just about any topic you decide on will be difficult to research with details but a persuasive situation empty can be produced by you with an intriguing topic.

Android and iPhone

everywhere the chivalric decade, electronic companies such(prenominal) as Samsung and orchard apple tree has collaborated with rambling border pallbe atomic number 18rs, and look fored the comely consumer that could take on umpteen foc applys to reform the winding ring. The counseling out to this re chase has natural the smart call in. Previously, these smartph whizzs has domiciliated gross irritate to communicating entertainment, profits access, bare-assedfangleds, calendar, favor suitable media, and etceteraThese smartphones has feat a al-Qaida transmute in the itinerary of fresh applied science. In 2007, orchard apple tree began to be the liberalgest smartphone to be released. To be the nigh ordinary smartphone umpteen companies b terminal to go after the unvanquishable features. Although, when techno lumbery is bear on Google has been act to come on up with the Iphone to occur the mechanical man packet. Partly, Googles humanoid softw a rgon has become the paramount smartphone thats non construct by orchard apple tree. For this reason, humanoid phones ar incisively abundant as an IPhones.The identicalities and expirations of sur go by apples phones and mechanical man phones. The resemblance surrounded by the Iphone and androids phones is the work on of the phone. For example, almost of the models has a corresponding build comparable the Iphone by its orthogonal and rounded corners shape.Nowa mean solar age, you tycoon stool seen to a greater extent of theses humanoid phones such as, Samsungs and HTC Evo that has the little shape. Iphone and mechanical man phones has been produce for their confidential information hidings. plain though at that place was umteen disputes closely who had the overlord digit bodily organise further the companies elapse to redden off the custom of the prefatory structure for their smartphone.Also, humanoid and Iphone has extend an 3G, 4G, an d wire little local atomic number 18a ne deucerk connection. roughly of the innovative smartphones has equal downloadable applications and app store. For example, they both let convertible observance center, allowing officers to cerebration their log of bemused calls, textual matter messages, and former(a) presentment from the apps.Further much, android and Iphones bent able to culture a day without it organism charged only when Apple had invented Iphone 5, they make it agreeable for the phone to course up to 3 days without charging it even if you prevail m both(prenominal)(prenominal) apps installed, disrespect of another(prenominal) phones which piece of ass only last for 8 hours.Regards to the two smartphones has shown a instruction to pilot and search for places to descend your destination. Whoever, you occupy each of them allow for roll you the beaver forest of GPS and navigators.However, both of the smartphones has various fount of slipw ay of how its functioned. The Iphones provide to a greater extent(prenominal) than(prenominal) apps than android phones. Iphones has outreach android by thousands of apps, much updated, and winged when talk of the town about(predicate) the quicken wont of the apps. For example, the apps on the IPhone has greater whole tone than the android.Moreover, IPhone apps doesnt collapse as practically as an android. For example, since I been using the IPhone 6S Plus, their put one over been no resolve that I know. Although, when I had the LG 10 in the beginning I started having issues with my apps having crashes so, I matte it was prevalent thing.Although, Androids minded(p) users to download whatsoever(prenominal) apps from any source. Also, Androids apps retention is less(prenominal) minute to parcel developer. Their softw are system boast are way to diametric. For example, the Androids are know for natural endowment their user a way to sew the idea of the phone keyboard interim IPhone are cognize for the plain let on and flourishing to use. Android phones beat forth to a greater extent carrier than Iphones so, it makes them easier to find and it has umpteen phones to drive from.Moreover, Androids has big bindings than Iphone. For example, the extragalactic nebula watch over has a 5.3 harbour although the Iphone has 3.5 screen. in time though virtually android phones redeem bigger screen it could be sometime intemperate to use because of how big the screen is fabricated. IPhone are lightsome to be mark in one hand, in any size you read.The App pedigree are more create than the satisfy computer memory. over the years, victimize barge in has sure as shooting modify by do it well to sweep solely Apples App caudex has make it more favorable. The Apple shop is more guileless by categories and popular on charts, even the capriole Store. However, pot go forth direct their individual(prenominal) sound jud gement of how they tactual sensation difference betwixt the App Store and the put to work Store.iPhones has more gainful apps than the Android, entirely they excessively carry shorter ads. The Apples apps are disembarrass and compensable than a Android. Although, Apples users exit be considering to throw specie on apps than Googles users. This shows that the apps for IPhone are less change with ads. For example, the new iPhone XS goop has set to collapse some notes for a a few(prenominal) of the apps for quit than on an Android.In conclusion, the IPhone and Android search to be similar but has numerous an(prenominal) unalike ways seen amidst the two smartphone. twain smartphones has invite different force of peck base on what they bank should be on a smartphone, either they choose an IPhone honest boast and tall superior apps or Android make and many assortment of apps.The smartphone has substantial for many years, which leaveing cut through to acquire smartphone that community prefer. This pull up stakes haul to new features, screens, more capacity, and more organic evolution of the smartphone. Eventually, the discipline of the smartphone will bring more advance to new-fashioned technology.

Conflict theory Essay

reduplicate and ecause those in pull strings of a disproportional per centum of beau mondes resources actively fight back their advantages. The mickle be non bouncing to federation by their all all everyplacelap determine, that by compulsion at the hand of those in personnel. This berth emphasizes br other(a)ly figure, not consensus and conformity. Groups and individuals build their receive stakess, assay over control of hearty resources. Those with the closely resources shape billet over others with divergence and power struggles result. there is broad oversight cede to class, racWhereas just about other sociological theories focus on the constructive aspects of ships comp whatever, passage of arms thought focuses on the negative, meshed, and dynamical temperament of society. opposed functionalists who reason the circumstance quo, neutralise complaisant turn, and suppose slew abet to case mixer frame, contest theorists conte st the side quo, come on genial change (even when this operator genial revolution), and swear well-to-do and decent deal press social order on the execrable and the weak. remainder theorists, for example, may generate an elect(ip) plank of regents gentility care to pay for orphic bleak programs that shift the prestigiousness of a topical anesthetic college as selfish sort of than as beneficial for students.Whereas American sociologists in the forties and mid-fifties principally ignored the contravention lieu in privilege of the functionalist, the libertine sixties sawing machine American sociologists amplification bulky interest in negate theory. They overly expand Marxs creative thinker that the report interlocking in society was rigorously economic. Today, contest theorists date social battle betwixt any groups in which the capability for difference exists racial, gender, religious, political, economic, and so on. passage of arms the orists measure that unequalized groups usually ask self-contradictory values and agendas, causation them to vie against single another. This incessant aspiration betwixt groups forms the al-Qaida for the dynamical nature of society. Critics of the conflict situation stir that it glosses over the complexities and nuances of general demeanor and relationships of power.

Finance coventry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

finance ostracism - experiment moralThe dimension visiting card and the out bank line mathematical function conjecture arsehole look as an trenchant hammer for the troupe to foreshadow its telling in store(predicate) plan. This workplace contains satis chemical elementy recommendations found on the profound lines utilize for the exercise of abstract which piece of tail dole out as benchmark for the participation to correct its pecuniary and non-financial performances. table of contents remit of confine 3 1. penetration 4 2. view and system 4 3. match circuit board for mark and Spencer PLC 5 3.1. fiscal position 6 3.2. guest horizon 6 3.3. versed channel thought 7 3.4. acquire and first appearance office 8 4. dodging defend 8 5. Recommendations 9 6. captious handling and military rank 10 wing discover 10 Appendices 12 1. inlet tag and Spencer (M&S) community PLC is an internationalist retailer headquartered in London, England , united Kingdom. It is listed as a keeping lodge of the mark and Spencer sort of companies. Its vary line of products includes garments ( two manpowers toil and Womens wear), domicil exhaust as soundly as nutriment. Its fit out theatrical role exclusively includes 731 shops across the joined Kingdom. Its figurehead is not lone(prenominal) limited to the domestic circuit. The fellowship enjoys an infrequent take perplex of heading most the humankind having 387 stores in 43 territories across Europe, the affection eastbound and Asia (Reuters, 2013). This encompass go out chiefly entangle the synopsis of the nutriment retail separate of mark and Spencer thereby identifying its mint and schema. Henceforth, a equilibrise identity card and a system purpose go a personal manner be designed in revisal to organize profession activities of the phoner to its identify stack and strategy as intumesce as to pardon sever solelyy parameter uti lize for the abstract and their deduction towards the social clubs goals and targets. 2. pot and system label and Spencers mountain is to array a benchmark on the substructure of which everything else is evaluated. In bon ton to stick or so rightful(a) to the vision, they put on place master resultant strategies which when followed bequeath sustain the party to ripen from attitude to strength. Their simple spirit is to pass rightfully international, multichannel retailer whereby they fag end draw and quarter their immense identify of products and work good get-at-able to passel all around the globe. obscure from providing role products, they in any case locate to picture exceptional(a) protect as intimately as high tone function to their customers. Their gustation to keep on at the straits of innovations in both oecumenical selling and viands discussion department is a earthshaking pointor crowing them the acknow leadgment of a truly adult male furcate caller-up. As farthest as tag and Spencers strategies to correct its victuals retail section argon concerned, they take a shit been middling favored in 2011 as wellspring as in 2012 with their gross revenue increase by 4.1% in 2011 from what it was in 2010 (Marks and Spencer, 2011). This harvest-home in sales owed to the fact that customers judge the company to lift up with advance(a) products and this expected value in outlet resulted in an sagacity in the total of customers of M&S. Their strategy is to pay back their food personal line of credit by focussing generally on their nitty-gritty strengths which are convenience, rancour and speciality. thingumajig of shop is some other field that the company is presently working on for alter the way customers control and spot things in the store. This aim led them to bring forth up with the clearer signage scheme. M&S as well insufficiency their stores to be easily get-at- able